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Ideal Weight

Understanding Ideal Weight Formulas: Robinson vs Devine vs Miller

By Health Science Team • June 12, 2026 • 5 min read

Finding a target weight that supports longevity, health, and physical mobility requires looking at medical standard formulas. By using our free Ideal Weight Calculator, you can instantly compare the top historical equations used by physicians and health researchers.

The Origins of Ideal Body Weight (IBW)

Historically, ideal body weight formulas were not designed for cosmetic weight goals. In 1974, Dr. Ben J. Devine introduced the Devine formula to calculate clear drug dosages (such as theophyline) in clinical settings. Before this, physicians relied on insurance statistics, which lacked mathematical structure.

Comparing the Primary Formulas

All three major formulas use a base weight for an individual who is 5 feet (60 inches) tall, adding a set weight modifier for each additional inch:

  • The Devine Formula (1974):
    • • Males: 50.0 kg + 2.3 kg per inch over 5'
    • • Females: 45.5 kg + 2.3 kg per inch over 5'
    Still the gold standard in pharmacology and clinical research.
  • The Robinson Formula (1983):
    • • Males: 52.0 kg + 1.9 kg per inch over 5'
    • • Females: 49.0 kg + 1.7 kg per inch over 5'
    Dr. Robinson modified the Devine values to reflect updated actuarial data from insurance tables.
  • The Miller Formula (1983):
    • • Males: 56.2 kg + 1.41 kg per inch over 5'
    • • Females: 53.1 kg + 1.36 kg per inch over 5'
    Miller's adjustment reduced the impact of height changes, narrowing the ranges for very tall or short individuals.

Understanding the Limitations of IBW

These equations assume average skeletal frames and standard body composition ratios. If you have significant muscle mass, these calculations will suggest targets that are too low. You can check if your weight distribution is healthy using our Waist-to-Height Ratio Calculator.

To build a comprehensive path toward your target weight, compute daily energy output with our main TDEE Calculator, check body fat levels with our Body Fat Calculator, calculate target deficits with our Calorie Deficit Calculator, and determine daily macronutrients using our Macro Calculator.